Análise molecular e filogenética do gene hisA para a identificação de linhagens do complexo Burkholderia cepacia isoladas de uma indústria farmacêutica
Palavras-chave:
Gene hisA, Complexo Burkholderia cepacia, Controle microbiológico, Indústria farmacêutica, Caracterização molecular
Resumo
As bactérias pertencentes ao Complexo Burkholderia cepacia (CBc) representam um importante desafio para a indústria farmacêutica, devido à sua capacidade de sobreviver em diferentes ambientes, principalmente em meios aquosos. Métodos aplicados em laboratórios de controle microbiológico na indústria farmacêutica, como caracterização bioquímica, MALDI-TOF MS e o sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA, não são capazes de diferenciar as espécies do CBc, em função da proximidade fenotípica e genética entre elas. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar um protocolo de amplificação e sequenciamento do gene hisA para identificar linhagens previamente classificadas como pertencentes ao CBc. Foram analisadas 38 linhagens provenientes de uma indústria produtora de imunobiológicos localizada no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Após sequenciamento pelo método de Sanger, as sequências obtidas foram analisadas através da ferramenta Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) do National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) e, em seguida, foi construída uma árvore filogenética de máxima verossimilhança. A análise das sequências resultou na identificação de 29 (76,3 %) linhagens como Burkholderia contaminans e oito (21,1 %) com confiança em nível de gênero, mas intimamente relacionada a espécie B. contaminans. Uma (2,6 %) linhagem não pôde ser identificada com a técnica avaliada, o que foi corroborado pela análise filogenética. Conclui-se que o sequenciamento do gene hisA foi eficaz para identificação da maioria das linhagens em nível de espécie, demonstrando seu potencial como ferramenta complementar para a caracterização de isolados desse complexo em laboratórios de controle microbiológico.Referências
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AGUIAR, A. R. et al. Use of recA gene sequencing as a complementary tool for identification of Burkholderia spp. isolated from an immunobiological industry facility. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IMMUNOBIOLOGICAL, 9., 2025, Rio de Janeiro. Annals... Rio de Janeiro: Bio-Manguinhos, 2025. p. 145.
ALTSCHUL, S. F. et al. Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol., v. 215, n. 3, p. 403–410, 1990.
BALDWIN, A. et al. Environmental Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates in human infections. Emerg. Infect. Dis., v. 13, n. 3, p. 458–461, 2007.
BEVIVINO, A. et al. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria from clinical and environmental sources in Italy: genomovar status and distribution of traits related to virulence and transmissibility. J. Clin. Microbiol., v. 40, n. 3, p. 846–851, 2002.
BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Resolução RDC nº 658, de 30 de março de 2022. Dispõe sobre as Diretrizes Gerais de Boas Práticas de Fabricação de Medicamentos. Brasília, DF: ANVISA, 2022.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STANDARDS INSTITUTE (CLSI). Interpretive criteria for identification of bacteria and fungi by DNA target sequencing. Wayne, PA: CLSI, 2008.
COSTA, L. V. et al. MALDI-TOF MS database expansion for identification of Bacillus and related genera isolated from a pharmaceutical facility. J. Microbiol. Methods, v. 203, p. 106625, 2022.
COUTINHO, C. P. et al. Incidence of Burkholderia contaminans at a cystic fibrosis centre with an unusually high representation of Burkholderia cepacia during 15 years of epidemiological surveillance. J. Med. Microbiol., v. 64, n. 8, p. 927–935, 2015.
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DUFOUR, G. et al. Identification of Burkholderia cepacia complex by PCR: a simple way. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., v. 77, n. 6, p. 485–497, 2023.
FERREIRA, A. S. et al. Distribution of cepacian biosynthesis genes among environmental and clinical Burkholderia strains and role of cepacian exopolysaccharide in resistance to stress conditions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., v. 76, n. 2, p. 441–450, 2010.
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KATOH, K.; STANDLEY, D. M. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol. Biol. Evol., v. 30, n. 4, p. 772–780, 2013.
KUMAR, S. et al. MEGA12: Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis Version 12 for Adaptive and Green Computing. Mol. Biol. Evol., v. 41, n. 12, msae263, 2024.
LI, K. et al. Species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of diverse strains within Burkholderia cepacia complex. Microb. Drug Resist., v. 31, n. 5, p. 154–161, 2025.
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MATTOSO, J. M. V. et al. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of microorganism profile identified in bioburden analysis in a biopharmaceutical facility in Brazil: criteria for classification and management of results. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., v. 79, n. 2, p. 125-156, 2025.
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RAMOS, J. N. et al. Challenges in the identification of environmental bacterial isolates from a pharmaceutical industry facility by 16S rRNA gene sequences. DNA, v. 5, n. 3, p. 33, 2025.
SANTANA, G. S. et al. Polyphasic characterization of Burkholderia cepacia complex strains isolated from a pharmaceutical industry facility. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IMMUNOBIOLOGICALS, 8., 2024, Rio de Janeiro. Annals... Rio de Janeiro: Bio-Manguinhos, 2024. p. 144.
SAYERS, E. W. et al. Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in 2025. Nucl. Acids Res., v. 53, n. D1, p. D20–D29, 2025.
SCHNEIER, M. et al. Current technologies to endotoxin detection and removal for biopharmaceutical purification. Biotechnol. Bioeng., v. 117, n. 8, p. 2588–2609, 2020.
SELIM, N. A. et al. Monitoring and controlling bacteria in pharmaceutical industries water system. J. Appl. Microbiol., v. 129, n. 4, p. 1079–1090, 2020.
SILVA-SANTANA, G. et al. Pharmaceutical contamination by biofilms formed of the Burkholderia cepacia complex: public health risks. Processes, v. 13, p. 1270, 2025.
SILVA-SANTANA, G.; DE SALES, F. L. S.; BRANDÃO, M. L. L. Laboratory strategies for the identification of Burkholderia species: from classical phenotyping to advanced genomic and proteomic approaches. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, v. 119, n. 3, p. 59, 2026.
SONG, M. et al. A comprehensive technology strategy for microbial identification and contamination investigation in the sterile drug manufacturing facility: a case study. Front. Microbiol., v. 15, p. 1327175, 2024.
SPILKER, T. et al. Expanded multilocus sequence typing for Burkholderia species. J. Clin. Microbiol., v. 47, p. 2607–2610, 2009.
TAVARES, M. et al. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: a feared contamination risk in water-based pharmaceutical products. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., v. 33, n. 3, e00139-19, 2020.
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VASCONCELLOS, L. et al. Phenotypical and molecular characterization of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from a pharmaceutical facility. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., v. 77, n. 5, p. ovad101, 2023.
VASCONCELLOS, L. et al. Phenotypical and molecular characterization of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from a pharmaceutical facility. Processes, v. 14, n. 2, p. 231, 2026.
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ZHANG, D. et al. PhyloSuite: an integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. Mol. Ecol. Resour., v. 20, n. 1, p. 348–355, 2020.
AGUIAR, A. R. et al. Use of recA gene sequencing as a complementary tool for identification of Burkholderia spp. isolated from an immunobiological industry facility. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IMMUNOBIOLOGICAL, 9., 2025, Rio de Janeiro. Annals... Rio de Janeiro: Bio-Manguinhos, 2025. p. 145.
ALTSCHUL, S. F. et al. Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol., v. 215, n. 3, p. 403–410, 1990.
BALDWIN, A. et al. Environmental Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates in human infections. Emerg. Infect. Dis., v. 13, n. 3, p. 458–461, 2007.
BEVIVINO, A. et al. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria from clinical and environmental sources in Italy: genomovar status and distribution of traits related to virulence and transmissibility. J. Clin. Microbiol., v. 40, n. 3, p. 846–851, 2002.
BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Resolução RDC nº 658, de 30 de março de 2022. Dispõe sobre as Diretrizes Gerais de Boas Práticas de Fabricação de Medicamentos. Brasília, DF: ANVISA, 2022.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STANDARDS INSTITUTE (CLSI). Interpretive criteria for identification of bacteria and fungi by DNA target sequencing. Wayne, PA: CLSI, 2008.
COSTA, L. V. et al. MALDI-TOF MS database expansion for identification of Bacillus and related genera isolated from a pharmaceutical facility. J. Microbiol. Methods, v. 203, p. 106625, 2022.
COUTINHO, C. P. et al. Incidence of Burkholderia contaminans at a cystic fibrosis centre with an unusually high representation of Burkholderia cepacia during 15 years of epidemiological surveillance. J. Med. Microbiol., v. 64, n. 8, p. 927–935, 2015.
DA COSTA, C. et al. Gerenciamento de riscos à qualidade: uma abordagem prática para a indústria farmacêutica. Rev. Cient. UBM, n. 48, p. 122–138, 2023.
DUFOUR, G. et al. Identification of Burkholderia cepacia complex by PCR: a simple way. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., v. 77, n. 6, p. 485–497, 2023.
FERREIRA, A. S. et al. Distribution of cepacian biosynthesis genes among environmental and clinical Burkholderia strains and role of cepacian exopolysaccharide in resistance to stress conditions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., v. 76, n. 2, p. 441–450, 2010.
GÖKER, M. et al. List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance: report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Mitigating Changes in Prokaryotic Nomenclature. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., v. 75, p. 6943, 2025.
INKSCAPE PROJECT. Inkscape: vector graphics editor. Version 1.0.1. [S.l.], 2020.
JIN, Y. et al. Genome-based classification of Burkholderia cepacia complex provides new insight into its taxonomic status. Biol. Direct., v. 15, n. 1, p. 6, 2020.
KOUSAR A, et al. Biological control of Botrytis cinerea in tomato and Fusarium graminearum in wheat using the novel species Burkholderia mycopellens and Burkholderia crassaminum. Front Microbiol, v. 17, p. 1776517, 2026.
KATOH, K.; STANDLEY, D. M. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol. Biol. Evol., v. 30, n. 4, p. 772–780, 2013.
KUMAR, S. et al. MEGA12: Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis Version 12 for Adaptive and Green Computing. Mol. Biol. Evol., v. 41, n. 12, msae263, 2024.
LI, K. et al. Species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of diverse strains within Burkholderia cepacia complex. Microb. Drug Resist., v. 31, n. 5, p. 154–161, 2025.
LI, Q. et al. Leveraging whole-genome sequencing for microbial contamination tracking and risk assessment in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Front. Microbiol., v. 17, p. 1807989, 2026.
MATTOSO, J. M. V. et al. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of microorganism profile identified in bioburden analysis in a biopharmaceutical facility in Brazil: criteria for classification and management of results. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., v. 79, n. 2, p. 125-156, 2025.
OLIVEIRA, A. A.; et al. Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de avaliação de criticidade de bactérias isoladas de águas em uma indústria farmacêutica produtora de imunobiológicos. In: JORNADA CIENTÍFICA DO INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE EM SAÚDE, 12., Anais... 2025, Rio de Janeiro.
PAPALEO, M. F.; SCHIRMER, M.; SHAPIRO, L. Molecular identification of Burkholderia species using the hisA gene as a taxonomic marker. J. Clin. Microbiol., v. 48, n. 8, p. 2689–2698, 2010.
POSADA, D. jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol. Biol. Evol., v. 25, n. 7, p. 1253–1256, 2008.
RAMBAUT, A. FigTree v1.4.4: tree figure drawing tool. Edinburgh: Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, 2018.
RAMOS, J. N. et al. Challenges in the identification of environmental bacterial isolates from a pharmaceutical industry facility by 16S rRNA gene sequences. DNA, v. 5, n. 3, p. 33, 2025.
SANTANA, G. S. et al. Polyphasic characterization of Burkholderia cepacia complex strains isolated from a pharmaceutical industry facility. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IMMUNOBIOLOGICALS, 8., 2024, Rio de Janeiro. Annals... Rio de Janeiro: Bio-Manguinhos, 2024. p. 144.
SAYERS, E. W. et al. Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in 2025. Nucl. Acids Res., v. 53, n. D1, p. D20–D29, 2025.
SCHNEIER, M. et al. Current technologies to endotoxin detection and removal for biopharmaceutical purification. Biotechnol. Bioeng., v. 117, n. 8, p. 2588–2609, 2020.
SELIM, N. A. et al. Monitoring and controlling bacteria in pharmaceutical industries water system. J. Appl. Microbiol., v. 129, n. 4, p. 1079–1090, 2020.
SILVA-SANTANA, G. et al. Pharmaceutical contamination by biofilms formed of the Burkholderia cepacia complex: public health risks. Processes, v. 13, p. 1270, 2025.
SILVA-SANTANA, G.; DE SALES, F. L. S.; BRANDÃO, M. L. L. Laboratory strategies for the identification of Burkholderia species: from classical phenotyping to advanced genomic and proteomic approaches. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, v. 119, n. 3, p. 59, 2026.
SONG, M. et al. A comprehensive technology strategy for microbial identification and contamination investigation in the sterile drug manufacturing facility: a case study. Front. Microbiol., v. 15, p. 1327175, 2024.
SPILKER, T. et al. Expanded multilocus sequence typing for Burkholderia species. J. Clin. Microbiol., v. 47, p. 2607–2610, 2009.
TAVARES, M. et al. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: a feared contamination risk in water-based pharmaceutical products. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., v. 33, n. 3, e00139-19, 2020.
UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA (USP). USP 47–NF 42: <1231> Water for Pharmaceutical Purposes. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeial Convention, 2024.
UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA (USP). United States Pharmacopeia 48 – National Formulary 43. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeial Convention, 2025.
VASCONCELLOS, L. et al. Phenotypical and molecular characterization of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from a pharmaceutical facility. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., v. 77, n. 5, p. ovad101, 2023.
VASCONCELLOS, L. et al. Phenotypical and molecular characterization of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from a pharmaceutical facility. Processes, v. 14, n. 2, p. 231, 2026.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Sterile Pharmaceutical Products. WHO Technical Report Series, n. 1044, Annex 2. Geneva: WHO, 2022.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Quality assurance of pharmaceuticals: a compendium of guidelines and related materials. 10. ed. Geneva: WHO, 2024.
ZHANG, D. et al. PhyloSuite: an integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies. Mol. Ecol. Resour., v. 20, n. 1, p. 348–355, 2020.
Publicado
2026-08-22
Como Citar
AGUIAR, A. R.; SALES, F. L. DE S.; COSTA, L. V. DA; SANTANA, G. S.; BRANDÃO, M. L. L. Análise molecular e filogenética do gene hisA para a identificação de linhagens do complexo Burkholderia cepacia isoladas de uma indústria farmacêutica. Revista Científica do UBM, v. 28, n. 55, p. 207-222, 22 ago. 2026.
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